Ledger CTO analyzes quantum cryptography migration, blockchain leans toward hash-based signature schemes

Odaily Planet Daily News: Ledger’s Chief Technology Officer Charles Guillemet pointed out that the post-quantum cryptography development has entered a critical stage. Although the practical quantum computer landing time is still unclear, the migration of the entire industry’s encryption systems is an inevitable trend. Under NIST’s leadership, traditional sectors plan to phase out high-risk algorithms by 2030 and fully ban them by 2035, with government and enterprise institutions completing migration layouts before 2029. Encryption and key exchange will adopt ML-KEM to resist quantum decryption attacks on accumulated data, and digital signatures are becoming the core of blockchain transformation. Traditional industries prefer the ML-DSA hybrid scheme, while blockchain favors the secure and robust SLH-DSA hash signature. Both schemes have their advantages and disadvantages, and the compatibility issues of post-quantum algorithms with MPC and threshold signatures remain critical risks that the industry urgently needs to address.