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Another milestone in U.S. Treasury interest expenses has arrived.
The data for Q3 2025 is staggering: U.S. interest payments reach $98.1 billion, annualized to $1.2 trillion. This figure has already surpassed the entire 2026 defense budget of $900 billion. From another perspective, the federal resources now consumed by debt costs exceed those allocated to the military. This is not just a numbers game but a structural inflection point.
The Real Dilemma
In Q1 2026, monthly interest payments will be $17.9 billion, a 13% increase compared to the same period last year. What proportion of federal revenue is allocated to bondholders? Currently 19%, and it will soar to 22% by 2035. The most painful part is this ratio: for every $5 the federal government collects, $1 goes directly to creditors, leaving little room for defense, healthcare, and social security.
Treasury Auctions Ease
Demand for 10-year Treasury auctions is softening. In August, the yield on the 2025 maturity decreased by 1.1 basis points, and subscription multiples are declining. Primary and secondary dealers are forced to absorb more supply because genuine buyers are retreating. This is a warning sign of demand exhaustion.
Imminent Refinancing Pressure
A large amount of debt will mature within the next 24 months. The average interest rate on transferable debt is now 3.36%, up from 1.55% five years ago. Daily issuance of Treasury debt is increasing by $61.7 billion. The U.S. Treasury is now caught in a dilemma: either accept higher yields (which will increase the deficit) or seek Federal Reserve intervention (risking devaluation).
Market Signals
The 30-year Japanese government bond yield has soared, and arbitrage trades are beginning to close. Gold prices are at $4,596 per ounce, and silver at $90 per ounce. Major foreign buyers continue to withdraw. The truth behind rising commodity prices is not inflation panic but a decline in confidence in currencies. Bond markets often send early warnings.
The signal is clear: interest expenses surpass defense spending, and most people have yet to realize its implications.